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一、以形式主語(yǔ)it引導(dǎo)的句型。

句型1.

It (so) happened（chanced） that +clause. = sb. happened /chanced to do sth. =sb.did sth. by chance. 如：

It happened that he was out when I got there. 當(dāng)我到那兒時(shí)，碰巧他不在。＝He happened to be out when I got there.= It chanced that he was out when I got there= He was out by chance when I got there.

句型2.

It seems that sb. do/ be doing/ have done/ had done= Sb. seems to do/ be doing/ have done/to be done/to have been done（還有動(dòng)詞appear等可這樣使用）如:

It seemed that he had been to Beijing before.他好象以前去過(guò)北京。＝He seemed to have been to Beijing before.

句型3.

It is / was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分＋that(who)+剩余的部分.如：

It wasn't until he came back that I went to bed.直到他回來(lái)我才睡覺(jué)。(一定要注意被強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞否定的轉(zhuǎn)移)。 It was because he was ill that he didn't come to school today.只因?yàn)樗胁×私裉鞗](méi)有來(lái)上學(xué)。（只能用because而不能用for, as 或since）

It is I who am a student. 我確實(shí)是個(gè)學(xué)生。（句中am不能用are來(lái)代替。）

句型4.

It is high time (time/ about time)+ (that) 主語(yǔ)＋should do / did+其它。（從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用的是虛擬語(yǔ)氣。）如:

It is high time that we should go / went home.我們?cè)摶丶伊恕?

句型5.

It is / was said ( reported…)＋that+從句. 如：

It was said that he had read this novel.據(jù)說(shuō)他讀過(guò)這篇小說(shuō)。＝He was said to have read this novel.

句型6.

It is impossible / necessary/ strange…that clause.(從句中的謂語(yǔ)用should＋do / should have done，其形式是虛擬語(yǔ)氣。)如：

It is strange that he should have failed in this exam.真奇怪，他這次考試沒(méi)有及格。

句型7.

It is + a pity/ a shame…that clause.(注意從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用should do或should have done的形式，但should可以省略。)如：

He didn't come back until the film ended. It was a pity that he should have missed this film. 他直到電影結(jié)束才回來(lái)。他沒(méi)有看到這部電影真可惜。

句型8.

It is suggested / ordered/ commanded /…that +clause.(從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用should do, 但should可以省略。)如：

It is suggested that the meeting should be put off.有人建議推遲會(huì)議。

句型9.

It is/was＋表示地點(diǎn)的名詞＋where+從句。（注意本句不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，而是以where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。）如：

It was this house where I was born.請(qǐng)比較：It was in this house that I was born.(后一句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。)

句型10.

It is / was +表示時(shí)間的名詞＋when+從句。（注意本句型也不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，而是以when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。）如：

It was 1999 when he came back from the United States. 請(qǐng)比較：It was in 1999 that he came back from the United States.

句型11.

It is well-known that＋從句。如：

It is well-known that she is a learned woman.眾所周知，她是個(gè)知識(shí)淵博的婦女。

句型12.

It is +段時(shí)間＋since+主語(yǔ)＋did. 請(qǐng)比較：

It was +段時(shí)間＋since+主語(yǔ)＋had done. 如：

It is five years since he left here.他已經(jīng)離開(kāi)這兒五年了。

It was five years since he left here.（同上）

注意下列句型的翻譯:It is five years since he lived here.他從這兒搬走已經(jīng)有五年了。

句型13.

It +謂語(yǔ)＋段時(shí)間＋before+主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ).（ before引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。）　如：

It wasn't long before the people in that country rose up.沒(méi)有多久那個(gè)國(guó)家的人民就起義了。

It will be three hours before he comes back.三個(gè)小時(shí)之后他才能回來(lái)。

句型14.

It is +形容詞(possible, impossible, necessary等) ＋for+ sb.+ to do. 如：

It is impossible for me to finish this work before tomorrow.我明天之前完成此工作是不可能的。

句型15.

It is +（心理品質(zhì)方面的）形容詞＋of + sb. +to do.= 主語(yǔ)+ be +形容詞＋to do.(常用的形容詞有：kind, stupid; foolish, good, wise等。)如：

It is kind of you to help me.＝Y(jié)ou are kind to help me.你真好給我提供了幫助。

二、定語(yǔ)從句：

句型16.

由as引導(dǎo)的非限定性的定語(yǔ)從句。如：

As we have known, he is a most good student.眾所周知，他是個(gè)很好的學(xué)生。請(qǐng)比較：It is well-known that he is a most good student.（前一個(gè)是定語(yǔ)從句，而后者是個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句。）

句型17.

由which引導(dǎo)的非限定性的定語(yǔ)從句。如：

He is a professor, which I have been looking forward to becoming. 他是個(gè)教授，那是我一直盼望的職業(yè)。（因?yàn)橄刃性~professor是表示職業(yè)的名詞，因此引導(dǎo)詞用which，而不用who。

句型18.

由where, when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句（其中包括限定性的或非限定性的。）如：

This is the house where I used to come.請(qǐng)比較：This is the house which / that I used to come to.

This is the day when I joined the Party.請(qǐng)比較：This is the day which / that I joined the Party on.

（說(shuō)明：關(guān)于that與which之間的區(qū)別，請(qǐng)看關(guān)系代詞that和which的區(qū)別。）

三、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句

句型19.

No matter what / which / who / where / when / whose＋從句，＋主句.(注意從句中的時(shí)態(tài)一般情況下用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。)如：

No matter what you do, you must do it well.請(qǐng)比較：Whatever you do, you must do it well. 無(wú)論你做什么，一定要做好。

No matter where you go, please let me know.請(qǐng)比較：Wherever you go, please let me know.你無(wú)論去哪兒，請(qǐng)通知我。

（說(shuō)明：這兩種句型形式不同，而意義完全相同。）

（注意：I will tell whoever would like to read it. 句中的whoever不能用whomever來(lái)代替。因?yàn)樗醋鲃?dòng)詞tell的賓語(yǔ)，又作后面從句的主語(yǔ)。）

四、條件狀語(yǔ)從句

句型20.

When / So long as / As long as / Once +從句，＋主句。（從句也可以放在主句之后。）如：

As long as you give me any money, I will let you go.只要你給我一些錢，我就讓你走。

Once you have begun to learn English, you should learn it well. 一旦你開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)，你應(yīng)該把它學(xué)好。

句型21.

主句＋on condition that+從句.如：

I will go with you on condition that you give me a sum of money.我和你一起去的條件是你給我一些錢。

句型22.

主句＋unless+從句.(注意：由于unless本身是否定詞，所引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用肯定而不用否定。)如：

I will go there tomorrow unless it rains.我明天去那兒除非下雨。

句型23.

祈使句，＋and/ and then+主句。（注意：祈使句也可用一個(gè)名詞短語(yǔ)。）如：

Use your head, and you will find a good idea.動(dòng)腦筋想一想，你就會(huì)想出一個(gè)好主意。

Another word, and I will beat you.你再說(shuō)一句，我就揍你。

句型24.

If +necessary / impossible/ important等，＋主句.(注意：if與形容詞之間的it is被省略。)如：

If necessary, I will do it. 如果有必要的話，我來(lái)做此事。

五、原因狀語(yǔ)從句

句型25.

主句＋in case+從句.（in case表示以免）如：

I will take my raincoat in case it rains.我要把雨衣帶上以免下雨。

句型26.

主句＋due to / because of / owning to / + the fact that +從句。如：

He did not come to school because of the fact that he was ill.由于他有病了，所以沒(méi)有來(lái)上學(xué)。

六、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句

句型27.

When / While / As +從句，＋主句.如：

When I was in the country, I used to carry some water for you.當(dāng)我在農(nóng)村時(shí)，我常常給你打水。

句型28.

主句＋after / before +從句.　如：

They hadn't been married four months before they were devoiced.他們結(jié)婚不到四個(gè)月就離婚了。

We went home after we had finished the work.我們做完此工作就回家了。

句型29.

主語(yǔ)＋肯定謂語(yǔ)＋until＋從句.請(qǐng)比較：主語(yǔ)＋否定謂語(yǔ)＋until+從句.如：

I worked until he came back.我一直工作到他回來(lái)。

I didn't worked until he came back.他回來(lái)我才開(kāi)始工作。

句型30.

As soon as / Immediately / Directly / Instantly / The moment / The instant / The minute +從句，＋主句. 如：

My father went out immediately I got home.我一到家，我父親就出去了。

句型31.

No sooner +had + 主語(yǔ)＋done…than +主語(yǔ)＋did. 請(qǐng)比較： 主語(yǔ)＋had + no sooner +done…than +主語(yǔ)＋did. 如：

No sooner had I got to Beijing than I called you.我一到北京就給你打電話了。請(qǐng)比較：I had no sooner got to Beijing than I called you.

句型32.

Hardly/Scarcely/ Rarely +had +主語(yǔ)＋done…when / before + 主語(yǔ)＋did.請(qǐng)比較：主語(yǔ)＋had +hardly/Scarcely/ Rarely + done…when / before +主語(yǔ)＋did.

Hardly had she had supper when she went out. 她一吃完晚飯就出去了。請(qǐng)

比較： She had hardly had supper when she went out.

句型33.

By the time+從句，＋主句.（注意時(shí)態(tài)的變化。）如：

By the time you came back, I had finished this book.到你回來(lái)時(shí)，我已經(jīng)寫完了這本書。

By the time you come back, I will have finished this book.到你回來(lái)時(shí)，我將寫完這本書了。

句型34.

each / every time +從句，＋主句. (這時(shí)相當(dāng)于whenever 或no matter when引導(dǎo)的從句。從句也可放在主句之后。)如：

Each time he comes to Harbin, he always drops in on me.每當(dāng)他來(lái)哈爾濱，總是順便來(lái)看看我。

七、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句

句型35.

Where +從句，＋主句. 如：

Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.哪里沒(méi)有雨水，種莊稼是很難的或者是不可能的。

句型36、Anywhere / Wherever+從句，＋主句. 如：

Anywhere I go, my wife goes too.無(wú)論我去哪兒，我的妻子也去哪兒。請(qǐng)比較：

I will go wherever you suggest.你建議我去哪兒，我就去哪兒。

八、目的狀語(yǔ)從句

句型37.

主句＋in order that / so that +從句.如：

I got up early in order that I could catch the first bus.我起得很早，以便能趕上早班車。

句型38.

主句＋for +sb. +to do.（注意動(dòng)詞不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在這兒作目的狀語(yǔ)。）如：

He came here for me to work out this problem.他來(lái)這兒叫我?guī)退獬鲞@道難題。

九、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句

句型39.

主句＋so that+從句. 如：

It was very cold, so that the river froze.天氣很泠，因此河水結(jié)冰了。

句型40.

So+形容詞/ 副詞＋特定動(dòng)詞(助動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞)＋主語(yǔ)＋…＋that+從句.

So interesting is this book that I would like to read it again.這本書那么有趣，我想再讀一遍。

句型41.

主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)＋such+名詞＋that+從句.如：

He made such rapid progress that he was praised by the teacher.他進(jìn)步很快，老師表?yè)P(yáng)了他。

句型42.

Such was + 主語(yǔ)＋that +從句.(這是個(gè)完全倒裝句。)如：

Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.爆炸力這么大，所有的窗戶都被震碎了。

句型43.

主句＋only +to do sth. (only和動(dòng)詞不定式一起做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ))如：

I woke up very late only to find that my wife had gone to work. 我醒得很晚，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)我的妻子已經(jīng)上班了。

十、比較狀語(yǔ)從句

句型44.

The +形容詞比較級(jí)……，（主句）the +形容詞比較級(jí)＋……如：

The sooner you do it, the better it will be.越早越好。

句型45.

主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)＋as +形容詞原級(jí)＋as +被比較的對(duì)象. 如：

He is as busy as a bee.他非常忙。

句型46.

主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)＋the＋形容詞比較級(jí)＋of / between …

He is the taller of the two.他們倆人中他高。

句型47.

主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)＋倍數(shù)＋as＋形容詞原級(jí)＋as＋被比較的對(duì)象.如：

This room is three times as large as that one.這個(gè)房間是那個(gè)房間的三倍大。（這個(gè)房間比那個(gè)房間大兩倍。）

句型48.

主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)＋百分?jǐn)?shù)/倍數(shù)＋形容詞比較級(jí)＋than＋被比較的對(duì)象.如：

This city is twice larger than ours.這個(gè)城市比我們城市大兩倍。

The early rice output in that commune was 200% more than that of 2001.那個(gè)公社的早稻產(chǎn)量是2001年的兩倍。

句型49.

主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)＋the size / length/ width/ height +of +被比較的對(duì)象.如：

Our building is twice the height of yours.我們的大樓是你們大樓的兩倍高。

十一、其它句型

句型50.

It doesn't matter wh-+從句。如：

It doesn't matter to me what you will do tomorrow.你明天做什么與我無(wú)關(guān)。

It doesn't matter whether you will come or not.你來(lái)不來(lái)無(wú)關(guān)緊要。

句型51.

形容詞/ 副詞 / 名詞（可數(shù)單數(shù)）+as / though +主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)，＋主句.如：

Young as he is, he knows a lot.雖然他很小，但他知道得很多。

Hard he works, I am sure that he can't pass this exam.雖然他學(xué)習(xí)很努力，這次考試他肯定不能及格。

Child as he is, he knows a lot.雖然他是個(gè)孩子，但他懂得很多。

句型52.

Were / Should / Had +主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)，＋主句.如

Were I you, I would have gone there yesterday.如果我是你的話，昨天我就去那兒了。

句型53

Only +狀語(yǔ)＋特定動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)…

Only by this means can I do this work well.只有用那種方式我才能做好此工作。

Only because he was ill did he not come to school.只因?yàn)樗胁×瞬艣](méi)有來(lái)上學(xué)。

Only then did I realize that I had been wrong.只有那時(shí)，我才認(rèn)識(shí)到我錯(cuò)了。

句型54

Not only +特定動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)…but also+主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)… 如：

Not only did he learned English well but also he spoke French very well. 他不但英語(yǔ)學(xué)得好，而且法語(yǔ)講得很流利。

句型55

whether…or…, neither…nor…, either…or… 如：

Whether he will come or not isn't important.他不來(lái)不重要。

句型56

主語(yǔ)＋doubt＋whether + 從句. 請(qǐng)比較： 主語(yǔ)＋特定否定詞＋doubt＋that＋從句. 如：

I don't doubt that he will come this afternoon.我確信他下午一定能來(lái)。

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